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Excavation

  • Градиште
  • Чукојевац код Краљевa
  •  
  • Montenegro
  • Bijelo Polje

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • Gradište is located on the right side of the Čukojevac-Godačica road, some 2.5 km from the church in Čukojevac, i.e. on the left side of the Velika River. One of the main reasons for theexcavations was preservation, considering that the activity of looters equipped with metal-detectors was noticed in November of 2001. However, in May, during the course of preparation works, a drastic devastation of the site was registered. With the help of bulldozers, the hilltop was levelled down to subsoil and a road constructed atop, truncating 50% at first and up to 85% of the site at the end. Considering the stated circumstances, trench 1 was opened in the remaining part of the site, 4×1.6 m in dimension. The final excavated area of trench 1 amounted to 33.30 m2, and the maximum relative depth of the cultural deposit equalled 2.2 m, measured along the AD section. Four (five) cultural layers could be identified, i.e. three living horizons. Cultural layer I consists of black, friable soil, 0.4 m thick. Walls 1 and 2 belong to it. Cultural layer II is dark brown soil mixed with charcoal, stone, brick rubble and archaeological material, and its maximum thickness is 0.3 m. Features 1 and 2 belong to this layer. Cultural layer III is 0.5 m thick at most, consisting of dark brown, friable soil with heavy inclusions of archaeological material (pottery, animal bones, slag, artefacts of metal and bone). Feature 3 and a pit filled with ash belong to it. Feature 3, a semicircular, horseshoe-shaped structure (2 m inner diameter), was discovered at the relative depth of 1.5 m, upon removal of features 1 and 2. Nine grindstones and a ceramic weight were found related to it. Cultural layer IV consists of construction rubble in dark soil, which is mixed in the lower parts with gravel (subsoil). Its maximum thickness is 0.6 m, and the only finds are pottery shards that show different characteristics from the ones in layers II and III. This layer could be dated to the second half of the 3rd century considering that the remains of the large fortification wall of the south bulwark belong to it. This is also the time when the fortification itself was constructed. Trench 2, elongated in shape, with dimensions of 7×2 m, was positioned above the section in the southwest corner of the site. A small segment of a tower was excavated, with foundations of large stone blocks (0.75×0.4×0.4 cm) directly on the bedrock. The preserved width is 1.4 m and the length of this semicircular structure is 2.5 m. Our preliminary interpretation is that the fortification was established in the second half of the 3rd century, coinciding with the strong military presence in Kraljevo area noticed elsewhere (Михиаловић 2001: 236). The first phase would be the erection of the large bulwark with semicircular towers. During the 4th-5th century, the fortification became a refuge for the surrounding population and the archaeologically rich living horizon II was created. In the 5th-6th century, life in the fortification slowly faded leading to complete abandonment.

Director

  • Татјана Михаиловић - Народни музеј, Краљево

Team

Research Body

  • Народни музеј, Краљево

Funding Body

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