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Excavation

  • Roca
  • Melendugno
  •  
  • Italy
  • Apulia
  • Provincia di Lecce
  • Melendugno

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • The excavations concentrated on the north-western sector of the settlement, in trenches XX and IX, investigating the external front of the middle Bronze Age fortifications, between the monumental gate and postern gate A, and several late and final Bronze Age occupation levels in the so-called cult area.
    In the section of fortifications that were excavated, the walls were only preserved to a height of a few tens of centimeters. The area was divided into four sectors and the crests of the walls and collapses were carefully cleaned. The latter were partially removed after being recorded.

    A series of zenital photographs were taken in order to form a photo-mosaic, which having been corrected on the computer will form the base for the georeferenced recording.
    Immediately south of postern A, in addition to a substantial collapse of mainly slab-like stones, abutting the exterior front, a quadrangular base was uncovered, probably part of a small tower that protected the gate.
    The remains of a similar base, apparently belonging to a second tower, were identified at the opposite end of the excavated stretch of wall, on the north side of the monumental gate in correspondence with the corridor of orthostats. These structures show that the middle Bronze Age defences were far more complex than first thought. Occasional fragments of middle Bronze 3 impasto pottery were found among the collapses.

    A small trench was opened in sector 1, immediately south of postern gate A, in order to check whether it presented the same arrangement to the exterior as was seen for posterns C, D, and E, with the ditch that parted from the south beyond the rock-cut bridge in front of the entrance. Following the partial removal of the collapses filling the ditch, it was seen that in this section it did not terminated with an even wall, but a rough ramp, probably related to construction activities.

    This element suggests that the ditch was not completed when the settlement was destroyed by the fire that also caused the fortifications to collapse. The brief exposure to the weather could explain the fact that the marks left by the tools used to dig the ditch were still clearly visible on its walls, which is otherwise difficult to explain given that calcarenite is highly degradable.

    In Trench IX work took place on the eastern edge of the Final Bronze Age 2 ‘temple hut’. Several postholes were identified and excavated, and added to the plan of the structure. The final patches of the burning overlying the beaten earth floor were removed. This produced several impasto fragments and the base of a large coarse ware dolia with cordon decoration.

    Several soil samples were collected which contained carbonized seeds and microfauna.

    Excavation continued of a baulk left last season below the walls of a late medieval structure (removed) in order to reach the large beaten floor that marks the urban reorganization of this area of the settlement in the Recent Bronze 2.
    At the end of the campaign, ten days were dedicated to restoration and protection.

  • Riccardo Guglielmino - Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali 

Director

Team

  • Francesco Iacono- University College London
  • Lorenzo Mazzotta- Università di Pisa
  • Teodoro Scarano - Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali
  • Vincenzo Spagnolo - Università degli Studi di Siena, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, UR Preistoria e Antropologia

Research Body

  • Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Laboratorio di Scienze dell’Antichità
  • Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Beni Cultural

Funding Body

  • Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
  • Università del Salento

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