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Excavation

  • Wall of amphorae
  • Pojan
  • Apolonia
  • Albania
  • Fier County
  • Bashkia Fier
  • Komuna e Dermenasit

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • The excavations at the so-called amphorae wall resumed following an interruption of 4 years. This wall was located approximately 10 m to the south of the temenos wall, nearby the Roman library and the eastern stoa of the ancient city of Apollonia. The entire mass of the amphorae is 21 m long, 5, 60 – 11 m wide, from 1, 10 to 1, 40 m deep and has the shape of a trapezium.
    The stratigraphic sequence of this excavation can be clearly followed. Above the natural layer, a fill soil deposit containing materials dated from the 5th to the middle of the 3rd Centuries BC was noted. The fill layer was followed by a 30 m thick clay stratum, above which the amphorae mass were laid. Their position was conditioned by the terrain features. Two amphorae rows were therefore revealed at the highest point of the terrain, to the north. As the terrain lows down, at the center, the amphorae group consisted of three rows. In the midpoint of this amphorae alignment, their width reaches to 5, 60 m, and with the expansion of the terrain, in the southern base, the amphorae mass is 11 m wide.
    The position of the amphorae seems to follow a particular scheme. The first amphorae row was laid on the clay layer, with their mouth downwards. In between the amphorae of the first rows, another second row was set (the amphorae were in same position), and above it the third row. The amphorae were initially filled with soil and then placed in the ground. The major parts of the amphorae were damaged, almost all of them were missing the bottom part, and no sign of amphorae lid was found. The estimates suggest that the wall comprised about 2000-2100 amphorae, most of them probably damaged during the construction of the Roman library. It seems that all the amphorae mass were placed at the same period of time, as the excavations did not observe any second or third phase of construction.
    Their arrangement in the territory and the construction technique, suggest that the amphorae group probably functioned as a terracing wall, built at the foot of the hill 104 during the Hellenistic period. They might have also functioned as a drainage system for rising damp. This idea is supported by the lack of amphorae lids and ends, creating thereby a sort of capillary tube.
    The wall is built with amphorae of various types and origins, imported in the city in different periods. Most of them are of Greco-Italic Will a1/MGS V, Will a2/MGS IV, Will C/MGS VI types, while the rest belong to the Corinthian B and A, Chian, and Rhodian types, including another one, which arrives from as yet unknown area of the Aegean. All these amphorae types date between the middle of the 4th until the middle of the 3rd Centuries BC, defining a chronology for the construction of the “amphorae wall”, perhaps at the third quarter of the 3rd Century BC.

Director

  • Bashkim Lahi - Insituti i Arkeologjisë Tiranë, Departamenti i Antikitetit (Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Department of Antiquity)

Team

Research Body

  • Instituti Arkeologjik Tiranë (Albanian Institute of Archaeology)

Funding Body

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