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Excavation

  • Buca di Spaccasasso
  • Alberese
  •  
  • Italy
  • Tuscany
  • Provincia di Grosseto
  • Province of Grosseto

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • This campaign continued excavating the fill of a “funerary chamber”, dating to the full Copper Age. The funerary remains lay beneath a deposit constituted by rocky detritus resulting from the quarrying of cinnabar, present in veins in the bank of limestone rock along which the Eneolithic funerary chamber had been created. Between the construction of the chamber and the quarrying deposit there appeared to be a shallow sterile level, documenting an interruption in the site’s use.

    By the end of the excavation season, the chamber was completely emptied of its fill and this exposed a series of new horizontal layers, probably attesting the end of the cinnabar quarrying activities. The roof of the deposit contained little archaeological material with the exception of a number of quarrying tools and a few flakes and small blocks of quartzarenite and green stone.

    Survey and mapping of the zone above the excavation area continued. Here, the presence of quartzarenite and green stone mallets and picks, as well as blocks of raw materials, suggested that cinnabar was also quarried in correspondence with a small cavity obstructed by collapses from a limestone rock face.

    A total station was used to set up a polygonal grid, which precisely positioned the excavation area on the geodetic grid of the Tuscany region. The excavation, situated on the hill slope, was also topographically linked to the surface surveys and geophysical surveys undertaken in the zone above the excavation and on the summit of the Spaccasasso hill.

    A new geophysical survey was carried out during this campaign, in order to test the anomalies, identified last year by geophonic tests, caused by anthropological activity below the floor surface in correspondence with the finds of quarrying tools. Two magnetometer tests were undertaken along the two axes that resulted in the previous year’s tests. The results confirmed the existence of at least two vertical shafts and a spherical subterranean cavity close to the cavity identified in the limestone bank.

    All of the graphic and photographic documentation from the excavation is being reproduced in 3D using systems such as Bundler, PMVS, Photoscan, Meshlab, and ERDAS software (Leica). This process, tested for the first time on an excavation, means that is possible to produced 3D images without using a laser scanner on site.

  • Nicoletta Volante - Università degli Studi di Siena, Dipartimento di Archeologia e Storia delle Arti  

Director

  • Enrico Zanini - Università di Siena, Dipartimento di Archeologia e Storia delle Arti

Team

  • Elsa Pacciani - Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali
  • Mauro Bonaccorsi
  • Giovanna Pizziolo - Università degli Studi di Siena
  • Fabrizio Mazzarocchi

Research Body

  • Università degli Studi di Siena

Funding Body

Images

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