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Excavation

  • Cavità n. 254
  • Orvieto centro storico
  •  
  • Italy
  • Umbria
  • Province of Terni
  • Orvieto

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • The excavation activities focused primarily on the interior of room A that in plan was shaped like a truncated pyramid. Several dumps of earth containing a wealth of archaeological material were removed. These dumps had formed cones of detritus near the western wall of the cavity. The various stratigraphic units were again seen to be contiguous. The excavation has now reached a depth of about 10 m below the vault. The finds are heterogeneous, both in type and chronology. The fill can be dated by various fragments of red-figure and black-glaze Attic pottery, plausibly dating to the second half of the 5th century B.C. Of considerable importance are hundreds of handmade impasto pottery fragments. Kitchen wares were represented by cylindrical-ovoid jars and bowl-lids, often attributable to the so-called “Spiral workshop”. The grey bucchero was documented by hemispherical cups and small plates, and occasional miniature forms. Imported Attic pottery was mainly present as red-figure open forms. Fragments from a krater and several lekythoi were also found. Metal finds were very rare and included iron nails, bronze fibulae and an aes rude.
    Among the architectural terracottas a fragment in high-relief representing a fallen warrior, perhaps a giant, is of particular note. Evidence for daily and craft working activities was provided by numerous terracotta loom weights, grindstones in leucitite and fragments of clay matrixes for casting metal. A large quantity of bones belonging to diverse species was present, some with possible showing traces that might indicate butchery or exposure to fire.
    Inscriptions in Etruscan letters, currently being studied, were frequently found on coarse ware pottery and grey bucchero finds.
    Analysis of the finds and the stratigraphic sequence indicates that the structure, whose function is still unknown, was filled in during the last thirty years of the fifth century B.C. This may have taken place at the same time as a series of hydraulic structures in the area of Piazza Ranieri were blocked up, in view of a partial reorganization of the urban spaces in this part of the plateau. The rubble produced by the demolition of these buildings could have been used to fill the underground rooms, no longer functional to the future layout of the inhabited center.

  • Claudio Bizzarri 

Director

  • Claudio Bizzarri

Team

  • David George - St. Anselm College, New Hampshire, USA
  • Simone Moretti Giani
  • Paolo Binaco
  • Tania Bonifazi
  • Angela Trentacoste- University of Sheffield
  • Linda Rulman- S. Anselm College

Research Body

  • Fondazione per il Museo Claudio Faina di Orvieto

Funding Body

  • Saint Anselm College
  • University of Arizona Study Abroad Program

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