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Excavation

  • Fortified settlement of Grazhdan
  • Grazhdan
  •  
  • Albania
  • Dibër County
  • Bashkia Dibër
  • Komuna e Maqellarës

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • The 2012 excavations were concentrated on the southern gate of the fortification system of the settlement of Grazhdan. In addition to the excavation, the clearing of the entire gate space was also carried out, where it turned out that just like the eastern gate, this gate was conceived with the same architectural elements and was reinforced on both sides by two towers in the shape of the letter U”. The purpose of the excavations was to clarify the construction chronology of this gate as well as to specify its construction elements. The excavation was focused on an area of 10 × 4.5 m and at the end of the excavation, the resulting stratigraphy presented a profile dominated by two levels. The first layer, with a thickness of 0.45 m, was formed by a mixture of the building material of the tower where medium-sized stones, sometimes with mortar attached, tiles and some ceramics, etc. can be distinguished. The second layer was thinner, but it is interesting in terms of the chronology of the construction of the tower and the entire southern gate. The color of the soil is dark brown, quite friable and relatively rich in finds, where we can mention some fragment of ceramics of daily use, represented in bowls, cups, etc. An important place in this group of finds is the terra sigillata pottery of eastern origin, which we think can be dated to the century IV A. D. Another group is represented by metal finds and ornaments, especially some iron fibulae from this period that were used by soldiers. Among the findings there are many finds of ceramic used as construction material, like tiles, which indicates that the tower was roofed with this material. They are of the rectangular type and sometimes retain initials on the surface or different decorations. The third layer, which is not distinguishable in profile, is represented by the floor of the tower and has a thickness of 0.10 -0.12 m of mortar that levels the entire surface of the tower at the level of the basement. Based on the plan of the tower, its construction elements, the contemporaneity with the surrounding walls, and especially from the archaeological material discovered in this campaign, we think that this construction can be dated in the fourth century A.D.

  • Ulsi Tota - Institute of Archaeology 
  • Kriledjan Ҫipa - Regional Directorate of Cultural Heritage-Vlora 

Director

  • Luan Përzhita - Instituti i Arkeologjisë Tiranë, Departamenti i Antikitetit të Vonë dhe Mesjetës së Hershme (Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Department of Late Antiquity and Early Medieval)

Team

  • Ergys Hasa - Instituti i Arkeologjisë Tiranë, Departamenti i Prehistorisë (Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Department of Prehistory)
  • Ulsi Tota - Institute of Archaeology

Research Body

  • Instituti Arkeologjik Tiranë (Albanian Institute of Archaeology)

Funding Body

  • Instituti Arkeologjik Tiranë (Albanian Institute of Archaeology)

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