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Excavation

  • Conbustica
  • Kladorub
  • Conbustica
  • Bulgaria
  • Vidin
  • Dimovo

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • CONBUSTICA (Krassimira Luka – bularchaeo@gmail.com) Conbustica was a fortification, 110 m by 140 m in size, which existed from the 1st to the beginning of the 5th centuries AD. It was a military camp of an auxiliary unit, or a vexillatio of a Roman legion, stationed there during the Tiberian-Claudian Era or earlier. The military camp became strategically important during Domitian’s Dacian War in AD 86 – 88 when the Roman troops were using Naissus – Ratiaria road to reach the Danube. The explorations of the eastern fortification wall continued. Three periods were identified in the occupation layers that were up to 1 m thick. A clay plaster, 3 – 10 cm thick, was documented covering an area of c. 15 sq. m over the bedrock. A layer, up to 50 cm thick, containing charcoal and sherds from terra sigillata, was discovered over the clay plaster. Probably, this was the debris from a ramshackle building. A pavement and a pit were discovered nearby, the latter containing a discoid fibula dated from the Claudian to the Flavian Era and pottery that was produced in Sirmium in pre-Flavian and Flavian Era. Other finds from the excavations included fragments from lorica segmentata and a silvered bronze plate from a scabbard of a sword, which shows Victoria inscribing a shield hanged on a trophy (with iconographic parallels on the coins of Domitian and Trajan). A layer, up to 50 cm thick, was discovered over the early remains and the foundation of the fortification wall was dug out into the layer. The fortification wall was constructed of boulders and was 1.50 m wide. Probably, it was built during the late Flavian Era. The top occupation layer was from the Late Antiquity and was dated by coins, the latest one minted by Honorius in AD 408 – 423. The remains of a building and two kilns, identified as a pottery workshop, were explored. The workshop was destroyed in the beginning of the 5th century AD, during the Hunnic attack in the region when Castra Martis was demolished. Two Latin inscriptions were found in the vicinity of Conbustica: the first one was a votive inscription dedicated to Іuppiter Optimus Maximus and the second one mentioned Legio V Macedonica.

  • Krassimira Luka - Department of Archaeology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski 

Director

Team

Research Body

  • Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski

Funding Body

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