This was the fourth excavation campaign on the site of Grotta del Leone, Agnano (PI) undertaken by the University of Pisa in collaboration with the Archaeological Superintendency for Tuscany.
Work continued in the sondages opened during the previous campaign and sondage 4 was extended in correspondence with the row of quadrants AD-AC-AB 13, in order to gain an understanding of the lie of the stratification forming the Palaeolithic level characterized by the presence of a gravel (erosion) marling the transition between US% and US9. In the new row of quadrants AC-AD13 a hole was identified interpretable as the result of recent disturbance. In the nearby quadrant AB13, the deposit was preserved undisturbed in stratigraphic continuity with the contexts identified in sondage 4. In US 9 a hearth was uncovered (hearth 1 US14), characterized by the presence of charcoal and sediment baked by contact with fire at the base. The structure abutted a stone block and was partial elliptical-shaped bordered of stones and small concretionary blocks.

In row AA-A-B 18-19 – excavation continued of the patches of ash exposed last year and attributable to an Eneolithic level. The base was reached, formed by the baked clay surface of the hearth and US 12 was excavated. The latter was partially disturbed in quadrants B18-B19 probably by digging.

In sondages 3 quadrants C-D-E 18-19 the excavation of US 2 continued. The layer contained abundant flaked lithic industry of the Palaeolithic period and rare fragments of faunal remains. Lastly, in sondage 3 the Radmilli trench quadrants B-C-D 15 was excavated, reaching the excavation level of sondages 3. In quadrant 15, concretionary rocks emerged, and it will need to be checked to see whether it was a collapse or the base of the grotto.