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Excavation

  • Grotta di Pozzo
  • Pozzo di Forfora
  •  
  • Italy
  • Abruzzo
  • Province of L'Aquila
  • Ortucchio

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • This research examined the Holocene levels in quadrants J6, K6 and L6, the Pleistocene levels in quadrants G9, H9, I9, I10, J10, K9, K10.

    Row 6. In J6 the surface layer disturbed by animal burrows and natural erosion was removed together with other layers from the Holocene sequence, thus reaching the Pleistocene level PS1. In K6 the same Holocene levels were exposed, as well as evidence of accumulations of land-living gastropods from a Mesolithic deposit of mollusc shells. In L6, below the Holocene levels, and above the roof of PS1, patches of a deposit were identified which comprised, among other materials, a half-moon made from a seashell and incised with notches. The latter suggests a dating to Dryas 3 period, not otherwise attested in the grotto, and therefore a continuation of the seasonal occupation between the final Epigravettian levels known to date, and those of the early Mesolithic with Sauveterrian industry. The excavation was halted at the roof of the PS1 occupation level.

    Row 9. In G9, a series of patches of level PS6 were removed, together with levels PS7, PS8, PS10 and PS11, here all re-deposited, reaching the roof of “PSα lens” which appeared in situ.. In the adjacent H9, a similar sequence was excavated, also terminating at the roof of “PSα lens”. In I9, after going through the same sequence, the various lenses of PSα were excavated, down to PS13, a minimum thickness of which was excavated. In K9, the excavation crossed PSα, stopping at the roof of PS12 to the north, and that of PS 13 to the south. Overall, this zone was rich in stone finds of the Epigravettian period and bone material, some of which burnt.

    Row 10. In I10, excavation began at the lower part of the level of detritus PS7, finding the same stratigraphic sequence as documented in the adjacent quadrant I9, down to PS13. In J10, excavation continued of the last lens of PSα, and the sequence relating to PS13 was removed, with levels corresponding to three different occupations, each with traces of burning and a substantial amount of lithics. The underlying PS14 presented a small sub-circular structure with lithic and bone material, defined as “Structure A”. Beside this the earliest archaeological levels found to date were recognised, those excavated the previous year in L10: PS16 and PS18. A lower occupation layer, here identified for the first time, was denominated PS19. In K10, the removal was completed of what was left in 2010 of occupation levels PS16 and PS18. These were very dark charcoal-rich layers with a fine matrix. Below, level PS 19 was identified and excavated, as in quadrant J10. The excavation halted at the roof of PS100 (collapsed material and gravel).

    At the end of the campaign, PS19 was dated by C14 to 19 ka bp (23 cal BP). It was therefore confirmed that the evidence from Grotta di Pozzo documents a particularly early re-colonisation of the mountain area following the LGM (Last Glacial Maximum).

  • Margherita Mussi - Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche dell’Antichità, Sezione di Paleontologia 

Director

Team

  • Donatella Granato - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
  • Lorena Scarpato - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
  • Luca Di Bianco - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
  • Ramona Cappai - Università di Sassari
  • Rita T. Melis - Università degli Studi di Cagliari
  • Emanuela D’Angelo - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”

Research Body

  • "Sapienza" Università di Roma
  • Università degli Studi di Cagliari

Funding Body

  • Leverhulme Foundation (UK)

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