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Excavation

  • Lucone
  • Lucone
  •  
  • Italy
  • Lombardy
  • Province of Brescia
  • Muscoline

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • During this campaign the bottom of the lake was reached across the entire area of Sector 1 following the removal of the earliest stratigraphy.

    The completion of the programme of dendrochronological analyses on all the vertical timber elements is will be of fundamental importance.
    Due to the characteristics of the vertical timber elements at Lucone D, it was necessary to excavate down to the point where they were embedded in the lakebed in order to take samples and definitively fix the position of the post; this data will be used to reconstruct the plan of the village
    The sampling, started this year in the north-eastern corner of the excavations, will be completed during the next campaign.

    At present it seems possible to divide the settlement’s life into the following phases and sub-phases:
    1. Establishment of the settlement (post 2037-4 ± 10 B.C.)
    2. Phase 2 of the construction. The settlement burns down (yet to be precisely dated)
    3. Restructuring (yet to be precisely dated)
    4. Abandonment (post 1967 ± 10 a.C.)

    Different phases of tree cutting occurred in phases 2 and 3 but these remain to be correctly correlated. Between its establishment and the restructuring, the settlement was extended towards the centre of the lake. This was documented by the stratigraphy, as the first phase deposit is virtually absent in the strip of terrain towards the lake, and by the dendrochronology, which showed how the latest posts come from the trench towards the lake.

    It was decided to open an approximately 11 m trench heading west from the south-western corner of the main excavation, that is towards the centre of the lake.
    Following the manual removal of the surface agricultural soil (US 1), the surface of the layer with a carbonaceous matrix was exposed. This layer seals all of the archaeological deposit (US 2). During the latter’s removal, it was noted that the 15-20 cm thick, fairly uniform and friable layer typical of the settlement area, became much thicker (up to 80-90 cm) towards the centre of the lake and divided into several sub-layers. Thanks to these observations it was finally possible to identify this layer with certainty in the sections of the other trenches.

    The removal of US 2 clarified the great difference regarding their deposition, between the area inside the palafitte village and the external area. The presence of a transitional zone between the two areas was clearly visible, which presented frequent interdigitation of peaty sub-layers and anthropological elements.
    The excavation of this strip uncovered a series of horizontal timber elements of great interest for the reconstruction of the site’s plan. A trapezoidal plinth (EL 995) and a beam found in a horizontal position, perhaps connected to the plinth (EL 996), are of particular interest. This is the first example of a plinth found at Lucone D and presupposes a construction technique that is attested at Lavagnone di Desenzano in the Lavagnone 3 horizon. The two elements did not appear to be in situ but reused in some way in a phase post-dating their making.
    The excavation produced pottery, various bone-horn, faience, flint, stone, and metal objects, wood and perishable materials.

  • Marco Baioni - Civico Museo Archeologico della Valle Sabbia 

Director

Team

  • Anna Consonni - Università degli Studi di Milano
  • Elisa Zentilini - Università di Verona
  • Nicoletta Martinelli - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona
  • Tommaso Quirino - Università degli Studi di Milano
  • Cristiano Nicosia - Consulenze in geoarcheologia e micromorfologia del suolo - Vicenza
  • Renata Perego - CNR-I.D.P.A., Milano
  • Cesare Ravazzi - CNR-I.D.P.A., Milano
  • Piercarlo Spinelli - Associazione “Gruppo Grotte Gavardo”
  • Studenti universitari Alice Dalrì, Miriam Mattei, Davide Billo, Michela Coccia, Annalisa Frosio, Andrea Veronica Zaldini, Luigi Vecchi, Alice Maraner, Elisa Folli, Giannino Gurzoni, Melania Isola, Paola Alberti, Fabiano Trentin, Gessica Peroni, Alessandra Bassi, Elena Varalta Stage settimanale studenti liceali Paola Almici, Mirko Seminario, Luca Dusi, Laura Vezzoni, Domenico Catterina, Carlo Bigoloni, Luca Zanelli, Davide Vighenzi
  • Carlo Pettini - Associazione “Gruppo Grotte Gavardo”
  • Claudia Mangani - Museo civico G. Rambotti, Desenzano
  • Ezio Ferraresi
  • Fiorenza Gulino
  • Flavio Redolfi Riva - Università degli Studi di Milano
  • Alessandro Baioni, Davide Birbes, Mattia Birbes, Gabriele Bocchio, Ivan Bresciani, Giampietro Candido, Edgar Caracristi, Emanuele Dalmiglio, Giambattista De Giuli, Laura Fapassini, Federico Fusari, Ivan Gatta, Eligio Labigalini, Angelo Lando, Francesco Maioli, Eliseo Mora, Mara Parini, Ezio Persavalli, Stefan Szakvary, Gianni Vezzoni. - Volontari del Gruppo Grotte Gavardo

Research Body

  • Museo Archeologico della Valle Sabbia - Gavardo

Funding Body

  • Associazione Gruppo Grotte Gavardo
  • Comune di Gavardo
  • Comune di Polpenazze del Garda
  • Fondazione Comunità Bresciana
  • Regione Lombardia

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