logo
  • Monte Grande
  • Calvi Risorta
  •  
  • Italy
  • Campania
  • Province of Caserta
  • Calvi Risorta

Credits

  • failed to get markup 'credits_'
  • AIAC_logo logo

Periods

  • No period data has been added yet

Chronology

  • 520 BC - 350 BC
  • 1300 BC - 1100 BC

Season

    • North-west of Calvi Risorta, on the border with the municipalities of Teano, Rocchetta and Croce, a first archaeological investigation was concluded in October 2005. This was an emergency excavation rendered necessary by the actions of illegal excavators. The large quantity of terracotta materials and pottery found during a first surface survey, together with the typology of the artefacts recovered from the confiscation of illegally excavated material, suggested the presence of a sacred area with votive deposits. A first votive deposit was uncovered comprising coroplastic terracottas, pottery and bronzes. Furthermore, to the east of this deposit, another conical-shaped votive pit was found filled with clayey soil, its walls lined with tiles. It contained a large quantity of miniature pottery vessels, both in the soil fill and contained within large jars. The typology of the materials recovered to date attest an occupation phase dating to between the 5th century B.C. and the first half of the 4th century B.C.: male and female schematic statuettes, black glaze pottery, plain buff ware miniature stamnoi placed inside red bucchero jars, and bronze statuettes. The later were all standing figures between 7-9 cm high, schematic representations with the arms by the sides which can be compared to 5th century B.C. examples from Latium. Lastly, the fragments of large draped statues, male and female heads, small clay figurines (so-called tangerines), as well as Red-figure pottery of probable Campanian production come from a slightly later phase (4th-3rd century B.C.). To date no walled structures have been found; however, the presence of a large concentration of tiles and imbrices, as well as kalypteres hegemones, suggest the existence of what were probably cult buildings.
    • Excavations restarted in May 2006, in the locality of Monte Grande, with the investigation of the sanctuary’s votive deposits previously found in the area to its north, characterised by the presence of walled structures on various alignments. These were a series of rectangular tanks, delimited by walls built of limestone blocks. The structures were mostly preserved at foundation level or to the height of a low socle and were lined with waterproof mortar. The tanks were used to channel water towards a point at which artificial levelling of the terrain favoured its convergence. In three of the tanks there were several layers of mortar, the earliest seeming to be in phase both with a containing structure of limestone blocks identified to the west and with a room which had a stone cooking surface. The on-going study of the large amount of votive materials recovered has provided a first chronological attribution for the sanctuary which places it between the end of the 6th and the second half of the 4th century B.C.. However, the site was already in use from the 13th-12th century B.C., a period which was followed by at least four settlement phases, the final one dating to last century. The investigation in the area of the votive dumps brought to light two circular wells containing fragments of large impasto jars with cordon decoration, carenated cups, spindle whorls and reels dating to between the 9th and 7th century B.C. These structures probably relate to the cult area and can thus be linked to a water cult which, as it was already attested in the 8th century B.C., demonstrates the long continuity of the sanctuary’s use.

Bibliography

    • M.L. Nava, 2006, L’attività archeologica a Napoli e Caserta nel 2005, in Atti del XLV Convegno di Studi sulla Magna Grecia (Taranto 2005), Taranto: 583-661.
    • M.L. Nava 2007, Le attività della Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici delle province di Napoli e Caserta nel 2006, in Atti del XLVI Convegno di Studi sulla Magna Grecia (Taranto 2006), Taranto: c.s.