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  • The Basilica of Ballsh
  • Ballsh
  •  
  • Albania
  • Fier County
  • Bashkia Mallakastër
  • Bashkia e Ballshit

Credits

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  • AIAC_logo logo

Periods

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Chronology

  • 600 AD - 1300 AD

Season

    • The archaeological excavations undertaken during May – June 2003 in the basilica of Ballsh were focused in the eastern part of this monument and in the bath situated in its north side. The monument was excavated in the outer side of the three apses, inside the sanctuary, in the central nave and in the eastern side of the lateral aisles. Excavations were also carried out in the southern chapel of the basilica intending to clarify the outline plan of it. The apses are trilateral on the outer side and semicircles in the inside and date to the same period of construction. The lower part of the apses is made of brick courses and the upper past is constructed with spoliated stone blocks taken from the ancient city of Bylis. This latter lies only 7 km away from the Basilica. Both sides of the basilica wall are of regular cut stones whereas the filling is of smaller stones. From the central apse is preserved the synthronus with 4 stairs. The three upper stairs are dressed with marble whereas the lower is covered with mortar and brick sand. The floor is paved with bricks and marble slabs placed on a layer of plaster. Below this floor, at the level of the lower stair, is found another floor level. A test pit excavation undertaken in this level, revealed two other floors. The earliest is at same level with the lower stair of the synthronus, whereas the second one is laid 0.25 – 0.27m above it. From the latter floor are preserved the remains of its preparation, consisting of a mixture of sand and yellowish to brown clay. From the other floor is preserved the basement made of small stones and mortar. In the sanctuary axis, only 2. 45m away from the synthronus, is preserved the basement of altar table that seems to be of the same phase with the penultimate basilica floor. From this basement is preserved only a course line made of middle size stones and mortar. Attached to this basement was founded the relics box, decorated with marble slabs, measuring to 0.35 x 0.25m. Its base was destroyed. The communication of the sanctuary with the southern aisle is enabled through a 1m wide passage where are preserved the floor slabs. The sanctuary in the southern nave was also partly excavated. The altar table and the synthronus, founded there suggest that it might have been used as a chapel. The latter consists of a single staircase made of bricks and placed above the marble slabs, whereas the upper part is covered by a layer of bricks and tiles. Its base is similar to that of the floor revealed in the sanctuary of the central nave. An important test pit excavation was undertaken in the portico of this basilica intending to clarify its architectonical features. These excavations revealed part from the stylobate of the portico and fragments of architectonical sculpture. Excavation trenches were opened in the chambers to the north of the exonarthex, but were excavated only the south-eastern trenches of each chamber. The floor of the northern annex is made of beaten earth set on a roof rubble layer with burning traces. In this layer were revealed glazed vessels fragments (bowls and plates) and cooking pots that date to the 14th century A.D. a Venetian coin of Giovani Soranzos (1312 – 1328) was found in this layer. Another coin of Jacopo Tiepolo (1229 – 1249), was revealed in the first excavated annex, which dates to an earlier period. From a trench excavated to the east of the bath was found a coin of Manfred Hohenstaufen, despot of Romania during 1259 – 1266.

Bibliography

    • S. Muçaj, K. Lako, E. Hobdari, 2004, Manastiri i Shën Mërisë Ballsh (Glavinicë) Gërmime të Vitit 2003, in CANDAVIA 1, f.189-210.