Archaeological investigations prior to the construction of the Calenia thermoelectric power station in the municipality of Sparanise were undertaken at circa 1 km south of the urban perimeter of _Cales_, in an area which has suffered substantial disturbance due to the construction of the Pozzi-Ginori factory. The finds seemed to attest that the site’s first organized occupation was probably linked to the establishment of the Latin colony of _Cales_ in 334 B.C. In fact, the foundations in grey tufa chippings belonging to a small quadrangular building were uncovered together with middens filled with dumps of building materials and pottery datable to the 4th-3rd century B.C. Numerous tufa blocks that had been reused in “a cassa” tombs of early medieval date were also discovered. A series of beaten earth roads, aligned with the Roman centuriation of the _ager Calenus_, and a network of canals for agricultural use were laid out in the area, probably from the second half of the 3rd century B.C. onwards. The presence of wells, _in situ dolia_ and building materials suggested the existence of a rural residential structures in the area, associated with nuclei of “a cappuccino” tombs, tile built “a cassa” tombs with flat coverings and earth graves, datable from between the 1st-2nd century A.D. and the late Imperial period. The “a cassa” tombs seemed to date to the early medieval period (6th-7th century A.D.). These were built of reused squared grey tufa blocks with floors made up of tile fragments. Some contained multiple burials. The only grave goods from these contexts were small bronze fibulae datable to the 6th-7th century A.D. Of the same period were the remains of dwellings, surviving at foundation level, and beaten floors of tufa chippings and tile fragments probably relating to open spaces.