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  • Public Structure at Hadrianopolis
  • Sofratike
  • Hadrianopolis/Ioustinianoupolis
  • Albania
  • Gjirokastër County
  • Bashkia Dropull
  • Komuna e Dropullit i Poshtëm

Credits

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Periods

  • No period data has been added yet

Chronology

  • 100 AD - 500 AD

Season

    • The excavations of this year were located to the north of the theatre, in an area which was interpreted by the authors as a public structure. Initially the humus layer was removed in order to reach the first archaeological strata. This layer was made of clay and rounded stones, which were about 1 m high. Although the sondage didn’t reach the foundation layers, it revealed a wall of 48-52 cm wide, oriented to the east-west direction. The wall is made of worked and regular stones bounded with lime mortar. The excavations revealed another wall -52 cm wide, made of limestone, which might be related to a reconstruction phase of the building. Finally, a clay layer was discovered filled with stones, which suggests the final phase of this public building. Above this layer was built a dry stone wall.
    • The excavations of the year 2007 in the public structure revealed interesting data. Initially the clay layer was removed that covered the building surface. The results obtained confirmed again that the latest phase of the building relates to a dry stone wall. The excavations revealed an area of the building which was set on layer made of construction material. Also, a test trench was excavated close by the wall that was uncovered in the year 2006. It enabled the discovery of the abandonment and demolition layers of the structure. Consequently the excavation was located only on the surface of this area, and verified that it was build on some earlier abandonment layers, from which are preserved two parallel positioned wall lines. An excavation between the two walls discovered in the previous season revealed a new wall, positioned to the south of the existing walls. In the earliest layers of the monument was discovered a mass of large and medium size stones, which are probably related to the destruction of the monumental phase of the building. This was supported by the results of the excavations in a later layer level. A floor layer was revealed covering a well and was probably related to the structures on the north of the wall discovered in the previous year. A sondage undertaken in the drainage channel uncovered the piping system, which was partly destroyed and partly reused in the later phases of the monument.
    • The archaeological investigations of 2008 undertaken within the Roman habitation quarter of the ancient city of Hadrianopolis, continued with the discovery of the previously identified Public Structure. The excavations show that it was constructed above the remains of an earlier structure, abandoned between the 2nd and the 3rd Centuries AD. The excavation uncovered one of the areas (Area 1) of the public structure, which was of a rectangular plan with dimensions reaching 8 x 12, 90 m. Walls of the western, southern and eastern sides were exposed, whereas that on the northern part has not been identified yet. The excavation within Area 1 revealed several dividing walls which indicate the presence of three other rooms, paved with limestone slabs. Several soil layers identified on the eastern sector, outside Area 1, could be interpreted as a makeup phase for another floor paving. An additional rectangular area (Area 2 – with dimensions 10, 20 x 5, 60 m) was identified on the southern side; the presence of an apse was noticed at the middle of the wall on the eastern side. The construction materials and artifacts found in the reparation layers related to the former floors and to the construction of the public structure, date not earlier then the 3rd Century AD. At this phase, it can be assumed that the big building was facing toward west opposite the theatre towards a square which functioned as a _porticus post scaenam_, and also south, towards an empty space which gave access to the theater’s portico. It’s location near the theatre, the public character and the presence of the apse in Area 2, suggest that the complex might have functioned as a _thermae_. At the middle as the 4th Century AD, some rearrangement works seems to have been carried out within the rooms of Area 1 and in the opened area to the north. Interventions were also undertaken in the floor and walls of Area 2 to the south. On a series of destruction layers (which were up to 1 m thick), walls made of stones and bricks (US 2205, 2206, 2207, 2218 and 2032) were identified. The wall lines belong to a new structure, whose foundations lay directly above the walls of the Roman structure. The constructions of a new wall in Area 1, not only divided the area in two parts but it was also used to support a recently built gable type of roof. A new rectangular structure (6, 62 x 4, 22 m) was built in the open area in front of the theatre. Area 2 was also divided into two parts and the apse was blocked. The material related to the reconstructions made at the public structure date at the 4th – 6th Centuries AD.
    • The archaeological season of 2009 carried out in the ancient city of Hadrianopolis, focused once again in the excavation of the Roman thermal complex, located to the north of the theatre. The data revealed show that during Late Antiquity, a large building was erected above the structures of the 2nd – 3rd Centuries AD. With the demolition of the earlier annexes, the building had a new façade facing toward west, next to an open area. The excavation revealed a series of rooms, set around a larger rectangular area (8, 45 x 7, 50 m), from which traces of the limestone slabs of the floor were preserved. The access to the rectangular area was enabled through a threshold at the northeastern corner. Of a significant importance among the material revealed in the floor layers of the public building are some exemplary pots, distinguished by their raised neck and decorated with horizontal circular lines. In the same layers, cooking pots (the olle) with rounded rims and globular body were uncovered. These vessels find similarities with other types of “corrugated cooking pot” which were produced in the Eastern Aegean, and spread in the entire Adriatic region during the 2nd – 5th Centuries AD. The relationship with the Aegean world is also proven by the discovery of a glazed kettle fragment of a gray color with a trefoil rim (diameter 6 cm). The excavation data show that after the middle of the 4th Century AD, the inner and outer (at western side) spaces of the complex were reorganized: the construction of two wall lines, divided the central area into three parts, which were perhaps connected by an obligatory curved passageway, whereas the room next to the northern entrance into two areas; the floor levels were also raised. The hot rooms of the Roman _thermae_, consisting of a rectangular tepidarium with an apsidal pool, and a caldarium to the west, were also rearranged. The thick destruction layers, which cover the earlier structures, or the later rearrangement of the Roman bath, date between the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th Century AD. The construction of a rounded room with a central hearth, probably a laconium, which replaces the _thermae_, is part of a series of modifications at the public complex. These later arrangements create poorer and weaker building structures. After the destruction of the floor level in the western side of the hot rooms of the _thermae_, a new wall was constructed which divided the tepidarium in two rooms. The earlier pool of the rooms was still retained, though connected now to a new water system of circulation. By the middle of the 6th Century AD, a new structure relating to productive activity was built on the abandonment levels uncovered in the area of the Roman _thermae_.

Bibliography

    • A. Baçe, G. Paci, R. Perna, 2007, Hadrianopolis I, il progeto TAU.
    • http://www.unimc.it/ricerca/dipartimenti/dipartimento-di-scienze-archeologiche-e-storiche/ricerca/ricerche-in-corso/ricerche-e-scavi-in-albania/la-campagna-di-scavo-2007/realizzazione-di-sondaggi-stratigrafici-nellarea
    • R. Perna, 2008, Attività dell’Università degli Studi di Macerata ad Hadrianopolis (Albania), in Bolletino di Archelogia Online, http://151.12.58.75/archeologia/
    • R. Perna, Dh. Condi, 2011, Indagini archeologiche ad Hadrianopolis (Sofratikë) e nel territorio della valle del Drino (Campagne 2008-2010), in Iliria XXXIV, 2009-2010: 365-386