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  • Horyany Hillfort (Rotonda)
  • misto Uzhhorod, Zakarpats`ka oblast`
  •  
  • Ukraine
  • Transcarpathia
  • Uzhhorod Raion

Credits

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  • AIAC_logo logo

Periods

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Chronology

  • 11000 BC - 5000 BC
  • 899 BC - 400 BC
  • 201 AD - 400 AD
  • 1001 AD - 1200 AD
  • 1401 AD - 1600 AD
  • 7900 BC - 2000 BC

Season

    • In 2007 an expedition of the Uzhgorod National University started investigation ata site in the north-east part of Uzhgorod at Rotonda (a natural boundary). A road section was carried out over 50m. In it was found thebank (1, 2 m inheight, 4 m in width ) and ditch ( 1, 4 m in depth) of the fortifications. The area of hillfort was 1, 05 ha. The fortifications consisted of the rampart and ditсh. The cultural layer was 0,4–1, 4 m in depth. There were sherds, flint flakes, bones and iron objects. The finds came from the mesolithic, Hallstatt, 3–4th cent. AD, 11–12th cent. AD, and 15–16th cent. AD. A lot of the pottery of the 15–16 th cent. AD was found inside the hill fort. Pottery of the 3–4th cent. AD was found at ground level in hillfort. This pottery was represented by hand-made pots, bowls, covers and gray-polished wheel-made bowls with stamped ornament. These types are typical of theLate Roman period of the Upper Tysa river. Mesolithic flint flakes and Hallstatt pottery were found in the south part of the road cutting outside of the hill fort. The items (gray-polished pottery) in the road cutting showed that the hill fort had been built in the Late Roman period, although such construction is not typical for that period. More research is needed to clarify the date of the construction of the hillfort.
    • The site is situated at the north-east part of the Uzhgorod (microdistrict of Horyany). It is interpreted as the location of the Slavic town of Ung, known from annals, which was captured by the Ugric. The main objectives of this excavation season were to find out the date of the construction of the hillfort and to establish the chronology of the site. Three sondages 2 × 2 m in size and a trench measuring 36 × 2 m. were carried out. There were also two sondages at the north steep bank. The steep bank of the slope had been accentuated in the medieval period. There was nothing to confirm existence of the hill fort in Late Roman times. Some objects from the trench 3 and sondage 3confirmed the chronology of the site. There were Neolithic pottery, obsidian flakes and nuclei in the bottom layer (0,4–0,6 m depth). Above these were sherds and the remains of a black-polished vessel with a handle in the second, Hallstatt layer. There was also pottery of the 3–4th cent. AD in this layer represented by fragments of hand-made pots, gray-polished bowls with stamped ornament and pithoi. This assortment of pottery is typical of the Carpathian Tumulus culture. There was pottery of the 15–16th cent. AD in the upper layer. The investigation shows that the Rotonda-site was a multilayered settlement, althoughnothing indicated settlement during the 8th–11th centuries AD.

Bibliography

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