DEULTUM (Hristo Preshlenov – hristo.preshlenov@abv.bg) The decumanus and the cardo with the adjacent buildings were explored. Both streets bordered from the south and the west the thermae in the center of Deultum explored during the 1980s. The colonnade on the southern stylobate of the decumanus and to the west of the streets junction was discovered. It was reconstructed before the end of the 4th century AD. A building adjoining the colonnade was documented and burned debris with a coin of the second half of the 4th century AD was found inside. Two more occupation phases were documented to the west of the junction. The first one was evidenced in a room accommodating dolia with grain. Palestinian amphorae and coins of Arcadius minted in AD 401 – 408 were found inside. The second phase was evidenced in a stratum, containing charcoal, burned sun-dried and terracotta bricks, roof-tiles and coins of Justin II and Phocas. A place for stirring mortar was discovered above the cardo, containing a follis of Justinian I minted in AD 561 – 562. Six bases of an Early Byzantine colonnade were discovered to the east of the junction. Burned debris was discovered in two rooms adjoining the colonnade and coins of AD 425 – 455 were found on the decumanus. After the first fire that occurred before the end of the 4th century AD reconstructions were carried out. The streets were reconstructed after the construction of the Early Byzantine fortress that occurred after AD 457. Two columns built of bricks were discovered, belonging to the colonnade of the decumanus reconstructed during AD 450 – 475. In that period the decumanus was narrowed from its northern side by the construction of a fountain in front of the nymphaeum. Bronze coins of AD 348/358 – 401/403 were found in the drain under the cardo and the flowing drain under the decumanus. Until the reconstruction during AD 450 – 475 the cardo was 8.40 m wide with a kerbstone and a stylobate. The decumanus was narrowed by the construction of a building; burned sun-dried bricks and amphorae of the second half of the 5th century AD were found inside. A ramshackle room of the 7th – 8th centuries AD was discovered at the junction.

DEULTUM (Hristo Preshlenov – hristo.preshlenov@abv.bg) The decumanus to the west of its junction with the cardo was 3.60 m wide with kerbs 25 cm wide each one. There was a drain under the pavement of the street. To the east, the drain run into the drain beneath the cardo. A coin of Augustus was found in the drain beneath the cardo. Both streets had pavements of the 4th century AD. A building was documented and coins of Domitian and Trajan, Roman and Early Byzantine sherds and fragments from glass vessels were found in its drain. The later pavements of the decumanus and the cardo dated to AD 400 – 425. Coins of Theodosius II were found. A bronze coin of Arcadius was found in the drain of the cardo. A water-conduit with terracotta pipes, 11 cm in diameter, was documented under the western kerb of the cardo and under the pavement of the decumanus. A building was discovered, burned before the end of the 4th century AD. Coins of Constantius II, Valens and Valentinian II were found. Another building, constructed in _opus mixtum_ in AD 350 – 375, was explored to the west of the junction of the cardo and the decumanus. It was built over the leveled debris of Roman and Late Antique buildings and coins of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Aurelian, Probus and Diocletian were found in the debris. The building was burned at the end of the 4th century AD. A hoard of coins of Constantius, Valentinian II and Valens was discovered. In the beginning of the 5th century AD the building was reconstructed. Dolia, amphorae from Palestine, coins of Theodosius I, Arcadius, Honorius and Theodosius II were found.

DEULTUM (Hristo Preshlenov – hristo.preshlenov@abv.bg) The explorations of the cardo that run along the thermae continued. It had kerbstones and was 8.40 m wide. Two street pavements of slabs were discovered. During AD 350 – 375, the street colonnade was constructed over bases situated at 3 m from each other. A coin minted in AD 364/378 was found. The second street pavement dated to the end of the 4th century AD. A decumanus, 2.60 – 2.70 m wide and covered with slabs, was constructed to the west of the cardo. During the reconstruction of the adjacent buildings from a fire that occurred after AD 406/408, the level of the cardo was raised and a drain of bricks was constructed. The building to the west of the cardo was built in AD 300 – 350 and was reconstructed in AD 350 – 375. At the end of the 4th century AD the building was reconstructed again. Two hoards with coins were found, minted after AD 367 and after AD 383, respectively. The building was repaired and reconstructed after a fire in the beginning of the 5th century AD. A hoard was found, containing coins of Arcadius and Honorius of AD 395/401, with a latest coin of Arcadius, Honorius and Theodosius II minted in AD 406/408. During the 7th – 8th centuries AD, ramshackle houses were constructed over the debris of the building. At the end of the 4th century AD, another building with an entrance towards the street was constructed to the north of the cardo. The building was repaired and reconstructed after a fire in the beginning of the 5th century AD. During the 6th century AD, a house in rubble masonry was built inside the destroyed building. During the 7th – 8th centuries AD, two buildings were constructed over the debris of the building.

DEULTUM (Hristo Preshlenov – hristo.preshlenov@abv.bg) The explorations continued in the insula situated to the west of the cardo that ran along the thermae. The cardo had been explored in 1987 – 1988. In 2016, another section of the Late Roman wall was documented, which was discovered in the southeastern room of the building constructed at the end of the 4th century AD to the north of the street. The northern outer wall of the building constructed at the end of the 4th century AD (after AD 383 – 388) to the south of the street was documented. The building was burned after AD 406 – 408 and was subsequently restored. There was a drain beneath the street, situated to the north of the building, and the latest coins from the drain dated to AD 406 – 408. After the stone slabs that covered the drain were dismantled, it was filled with earth containing two bronze coins of Theodosius II minted in AD 408 – 423 and AD 425 – 435, sherds from amphorae and pots of the end of the 4th – 5th centuries AD, sherds from red-gloss tableware of the 5th century AD, nails, a fragment of a terracotta lamp. A pit was excavated to the southwest of the northern entrance of the building and it was filled with burned debris of fragmentary bricks, roof-tiles and sun-dried bricks, sherds from amphorae of the 2nd – 5th centuries AD and bronze coins, the latest one minted by Honorius in AD 406 – 408.