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Excavation

  • Le Guardiole
  • Santa Marinella
  • Castrum Novum
  • Italy
  • Lazio
  • Rome
  • Santa Marinella

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • During the 2013 season, the main discoveries were made in the balneum and the square building both situated in the area of the Guardiole. In the balneum, a robber trench was excavated inside the room identified as the frigidarium. Elongated in shape, it cut a drain that crossed the complex on a north-east alignment and the fill contained numerous brick fragments from the facing of the parapets. There was no modern material within the fill, suggesting that the robber trench was dug shortly after the abandonment of the balneum, in order to remove a drain cover for reuse.

    In the area in front of the entrance (room 5) into the caldarium and its praefurnium (room 6), the extension of the excavation towards the west revealed two new walls that seemed to delimit the corridor leading to room 6. A lead fistula with an inscription was found in layer US 202, the first layer free of modern material. The pipe was c. 50 cm long and at least 5 cm in diameter.
    One side of the _fistula- had been cut in order to recoup part of the metal.

    As regards the square building, which had been identified as part of the villa, the materials found in the portico and in two rooms may indicate the presence of a commercial activity, perhaps linked to the sale of fish. The position of the complex, open onto the road, and its plan similar to that of a large atrium domus of Pompeian type, could indicate it was used for a purpose other than agricultural production.

    It is worth considering the possibility that at least during the imperial occupation phase, in the 1st and 2nd century A.D., the building could have been transformed into a caupona, an inn with attached structure for selling fish and a small hotel with balneum for travellers on their way to and from Centumcellae. The pottery and coins found to date suggest that the first construction took place in the second half of the 3rd century B.C., or at the latest in the mid 2nd century B.C.

    The subsequent occupation phases, between the 1st century B.C. and the 2nd century A.D., is well-documented. The final occupation phase was dated by the presence of African kitchenwares and several coins issued during the reign of Commodus, between 183 and 189 A.D., a sesterce of Septimius Severus of 197-198 A.D., and in particular a sesterce of Alexander Severus minted in 231 A.D.

    In the light of the available evidence, it is likely that the building was abandoned sometime after the mid 3rd century A.D., at the latest the end of that century or in the first decades of the 4th century when a child was buried in a late African amphora placed in the ruins of the balneum.

  • Flavio Enei - Museo del Mare e della Navigazione Antica, Santa Severa 
  • Sara Nardi Combescure - Università di Amiens 
  • Grégoire Poccardi - Università di Lille 3 

Director

Team

  • Marie-Laurence Haack - Università de Picardie, Amiens
  • Nathalie Andrée - IRAA-USR 3155 del CNRS, Université de Pau et du Pays d’Adour
  • Véronique Picard - IRAA-USR 3155 del CNRS, Université de Pau et du Pays d’Adour
  • Alessandra Squaglia, Massimiliano Galletti, Luca Disibio, Viviana Sia, Maria Teresa Levano - Museo del Mare e della Navigazione Antica
  • David Vattier, Alice Bourgeois, Arnaud Deigre, Benjamin Paris, Simon-Pierre Mattei, Anaïs Joly, Marine Leroy, Nicolas Duhaut - Université de Picardie, Amiens e Université de Lille 3

Research Body

  • Aoroc 8546-Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris

Funding Body

  • Comune di Santa Marinella
  • Université de Lille 3
  • Université de Picardie “Jules Verne”

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