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  • Manastir Sv. Nikole - Konak
  • Vranjina
  •  
  • Montenegro
  • Podgorica

Credits

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Monuments

Periods

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Chronology

  • 1800 BC - 1100 BC
  • 600 AD - 700 AD
  • 1600 AD - 2000 AD

Season

    • The public institution Homeland Museum and Gallery from Herceg Novi in the period August-September 2010. protective archeological excavations inside of the monastic residence of St. Nicholas, were carried out. The monastery itself was built at the beginning of the XIII century. on the hill above the mouth of the river Morača in Skadar Lake (Podgorica municipality) and the church is dedicated to St. Never. The aim of the excavations is to examine the interior of the monastic residence to a sterile layer, in order to enable the restoration and strengthening of the foundation. The excavations team was limited to the interior of the inn, which was divided into two areas (R1 and R2). The total, explored area is 205 m2. The latest phase is characterized by the life of the monastic residence, from the period of construction in 1886 until the fire in 1971, when it was destroyed. In order to build a monastic residence, the terrain was first leveled with a layer of embankment-rubble. The leveling material was taken from an older building, which is confirmed by a large number of ashlar. Then the monastic residence, with a rectangular base (orientation East-West), was built very solidly, using stone and lime mortar. The inn has two floors and an attic, and the inner faces of the walls are plastered. Since the interior of the monastic residence, apart from the partition wall, was built of wood, the floor and two mezzanine structures have not been preserved. The connection between the floor and the walled door on the partition wall tells us that in some period the concept changed, so the floor level was raised and the door was walled up. The second phase of life is a dense necropolis with inhumed deceased, on which the monastic residence was built. The necropolis has two and possibly three stages of burial. Stone tomb structures stand out as the latest horizon of burial. A higher concentration of graves is on the east side of the monastic residence. Grave pit are buried in bedrock, and their orientation is West-East, with minor deviations. The deceased were mostly laid on their backs in a stretched position, with their arms crossed on their stomachs or chests. The small finds from graves is mostly poor and chronologically insensitive. Venetian coin was found in Grave 46, which determines the latest burial horizon. Archaeological material from the layer in which the graves from R2 were buried (fragments of ceramic pipes and fragments of poorly glazed ceramics) should also be attributed to this period. Described manner of burial, even without attachments, refers to the burial of the Christian population, most probably around the older church, which should be sought under the present church of St. Nicholas. Coins from the end of the XIV century indicates the existence of a layer from that period, and pottery of the V-VII century, as well as pottery of the Bronze Age in at least three more phases of life in this area. The mentioned finds indicate the layer of the XIV century, the Koman culture (according to the ceramics of the VII century), and possibly the Bronze Age hillfort on the hills above the monastery. Osteological material was sent for anthropological analysis at the Faculty of Science in Podgorica. Determining gender, individual age and pathological changes in the bones will contribute to the solution of individual grave units as well as interrelationships. At this level, the sample is not sufficient for statistical analysis of the population of any of the burial horizons. Considering that the interior of the monastic residence was completely explored and emptied, protective archeological excavations freed up space for construction works on the renovation of the residence, and the findings from this excavations indicate that the monastery of St. Nikola on Vranjina is a significant multi-layered archeological site, which should be further explored in the future.

Bibliography

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