During September 2010, work concentrated on the graphic and photographic documentation of the ruins of the _balneum_ of “le Guardiole” and the ruins in the sea, visible in section, along the stretch of coastline between “Torre Chiaruccia” and “Casale Alibrandi”. Edoardo Bruni (Società Poseidon) undertook a first campaign of underwater survey. The visible remains of the _balneum_ of “le Guardiole”, traditionally attributed to a Roman villa, are divided into eight rooms orientated north-west/south-east, facing onto the south side of the via _Aurelia vetus_. Stratigraphic analysis of the walls documented a number of differences in interpretation, with respect to the conclusions previously proposed by researchers, identifying at least four phases for the complex, including one perhaps dating to the early medieval period. The _balneum_ of "le Guardiole", was traditionally attributed to a Roman villa, to which the fish pools situated west of the "le Guardiole" ditch were also thought to belong. An analysis of the archaeological remains documented on land and in the sea in this sector, showed that there is no coherence in the alignment of this group of structures. On the contrary, from a topographical point of view there are analogies between the _balneum_ and another building also orientated on the same axis as the via _Aurelia vetus_. The short distance between them could even suggest that they were part of a single complex, strictly connected to the road, whose first abandonment should be dated to that of the road (Trajanic-Hadrianic period). The ruins of _Castrum Novum_ in the sea are documented by an interesting stratigraphic section extending for hundreds of metres along the coastline north of Santa Marinella, between "Torre Chiaruccia" and "Casale Alibrandi". The section is divided into two large sectors revealing two different archaeological realities but which give an idea of the limits of the Roman town and the occupation of the site, before the foundation of the colony in 264 B.C. In the western sector two levels were identified datable more or less to the Villanovan period, characterised by a series of occupation layers and very compact layers of pottery fragments. The eastern secto revealed a series of Roman buildings. Among these a second _balneum_ with an apse, preserved to a height of at least 1.50 m, and a cappuccina burials, unfortunate destroyed by illegal excavation.

During the 2013 season, the main discoveries were made in the _balneum_ and the square building both situated in the area of the Guardiole. In the _balneum_, a robber trench was excavated inside the room identified as the _frigidarium_. Elongated in shape, it cut a drain that crossed the complex on a north-east alignment and the fill contained numerous brick fragments from the facing of the parapets. There was no modern material within the fill, suggesting that the robber trench was dug shortly after the abandonment of the _balneum_, in order to remove a drain cover for reuse. In the area in front of the entrance (room 5) into the _caldarium_ and its _praefurnium_ (room 6), the extension of the excavation towards the west revealed two new walls that seemed to delimit the corridor leading to room 6. A lead _fistula_ with an inscription was found in layer US 202, the first layer free of modern material. The pipe was c. 50 cm long and at least 5 cm in diameter. One side of the _fistula- had been cut in order to recoup part of the metal. As regards the square building, which had been identified as part of the villa, the materials found in the portico and in two rooms may indicate the presence of a commercial activity, perhaps linked to the sale of fish. The position of the complex, open onto the road, and its plan similar to that of a large atrium _domus_ of Pompeian type, could indicate it was used for a purpose other than agricultural production. It is worth considering the possibility that at least during the imperial occupation phase, in the 1st and 2nd century A.D., the building could have been transformed into a _caupona_, an inn with attached structure for selling fish and a small hotel with _balneum_ for travellers on their way to and from _Centumcellae_. The pottery and coins found to date suggest that the first construction took place in the second half of the 3rd century B.C., or at the latest in the mid 2nd century B.C. The subsequent occupation phases, between the 1st century B.C. and the 2nd century A.D., is well-documented. The final occupation phase was dated by the presence of African kitchenwares and several coins issued during the reign of Commodus, between 183 and 189 A.D., a sesterce of Septimius Severus of 197-198 A.D., and in particular a sesterce of Alexander Severus minted in 231 A.D. In the light of the available evidence, it is likely that the building was abandoned sometime after the mid 3rd century A.D., at the latest the end of that century or in the first decades of the 4th century when a child was buried in a late African amphora placed in the ruins of the _balneum_.

This season’s research concentrated on the areas south of the le Guardiole bath complex (Zone A, Sector 1, Room 8), west of the latrine (room 5) and north of room 4, where only part of the fill of a quadrangular cistern, which supplied water to the _balneum_, was excavated (room 9). The cistern was filled by a thick layer (US 300) that contained numerous fragments of painted plaster (mainly red), fragments of marble slabs and tiles covered in layers of mortar, probably from the dismantled hypocaust floors in the heated rooms. The finds included ARS and African cooking ware in addition to a pin with an oval head and a _ligula_ (small spoon) for ointments. The new excavations in sector 2 of zone A provided further evidence for the quadrangular complex, defined as a villa, opening directly onto the _via glareata_ that has been identified as the bed of the via _Aurelia Vetus_. More specifically, room 5 was excavated revealing the presence of a _dolium_ embedded in the northern corner of the room. In the adjacent room 4, a drainage channel was excavated. Made of overlapping imbrices it cut across almost the entire room. As the investigations stand, the so-called “quadrangular building” seems to present anomalous characteristics with respect to what is usually seen in known rural villas in the territory on the Tyrrhenian side of Etruria. The position of the complex, opening onto a road, and its plan similar to that of a large atrium _domus_, could indicate a function other than agricultural production. It is worth considering the possibility that at least in the imperial occupation phase, in the 1st-2nd century A.D., the building was transformed into a _caupona_, a tavern that also sold fish products, to which was attached a small hotel with a _balneum_ for travellers on their way to and from _Centumcellae_. During this campaign, a first photogrammetry survey of the structures visible along the section on the seaward side of zone B and of part of the structures in sectors 1 and 2 in zone A was undertaken by Véronique Picard (IRAA-CNRS, Université de Pau) and Aurélia Lureau (Université Paris 1 - UMR 8215 du CNRS).

The 2015 campaign concentrated on the area in front of the Casale Alibrandi in the locality of Bufalareccia (Zone D), where during the 18th and 19th centuries, the remains of the ancient city were excavated. Three _sondages_ were opened in an area situated immediately east of the SS 1 (via Aurelia). The first (_sondages_ 1), revealed a stretch of the 3rd century B.C. _castrum_ walls, built in _opus_ _quadratum_ of blocchi scaglia, about three metres wide. A number of rectangular rooms, aligned east-west, were present directly north. At present, their function is unknown. These rooms, datable to the Republican period, had already been identified by a magnetometer survey undertaken in 2011, which made it possible to reconstruct the topography of the ancient settlement. Several areas of a probable “piazzale” paved in basolato, in the area immediately outside the _castrum_ (to the south) appeared in _sondages_ 3. A number of structures faced on to these areas, most had been obliterated by a modern road. Some, like the basolato, were documented during a rescue excavation in the 1980s. Further north (_sondages_ 2), the excavation uncovered a series of structures relating to three occupation phases, whose chronology remains to be clarified. The latest was attested by four walls in _opus_ _mixtum_ one metre wide, in a radial arrangement and orientated east-west. The particular form of this structure suggests it was a substructure for a semicircular building, possibly a cavea. The project to enhance all of the area investigated from 2010 onwards (zones A and D) was begun having been recently approved by the local administration. The project will provide for the restoration of the ruins uncovered to date, with a view to the creation of an archaeological park in the future.

The 2016 excavations took place in the ancient urban area facing the Casale Alibrandi, on the low rise situated at km 64.400 of the via Aurelia, in the locality of Capo Linaro (Santa Marinella). Work continued in two sectors that were investigated last year (Sectors DI and DIII) and three new ones were opened: D IV, D V, and D VI. In Sector D I, the excavation of room 2 continued where the exploration of the foundation stratigraphy confirmed the dating of the first construction to within the first half/mid 3rd century B.C. In room 1, the work started last year was continued. In Sector D III, the excavation area was extended towards the via Aurelia exposing another section of the basalt-paved “Piazzale” and the investigation of the walls just visible above ground nearby. The stratigraphy has begun to reveal occupation that continued until at least the 4th century A.D. A new sector D IV was opened in order to continue the excavation of the Roman colony’s large fortification wall, discovered in 2015, whose presence was picked up by the magnatometry survey. The excavations exposed a section of the wall about 30 m long and 2.80/3.00 m wide, built in a chipped _opus_ _quadratum_. One course was preserved on top of the foundations, the blocks placed with the short side facing outwards. Immediately next to the wall, on the exterior side, two late antique tombs were excavated, one a tile-lined grave, the other a simple earth grave. The remains of three rooms emerged abutting the interior side of the wall, preserved almost at foundation level, one of which revealed traces of a figured mosaic floor with white and black geometric motifs. The materials indicate occupation between the 3rd and 5th century A.D., with traces of prehistoric (Bronze Age?) and Etruscan occupation. A fragment of a rough terracotta lid with an Etruscan inscription was found. In the new sector D V, situated within the ancient urban area, the remains of at least four different rooms were identified, built in stone and clay. They were part of the same residential complex investigated in sector D I, already seen in the survey. Here, the stratigraphy also documented occupation phases dating to between the 3rd and 4th century A.D. _Opus _ _spicatum_ floors dating to the imperial phase were clearly visible, although cut by various modern robber trenches. In sector D VI, a trench of limited size, a small section of extra-urban stratigraphy was investigated, which included several channels cut into the terrain and partially lined with _opus_ _signinum_. Occupation until at least the 4th century A.D. was documented.

The 2017 excavations took place in the ancient urban area today opposite Casale Alibrandi, on the slight rise at km 64.400 of the via Aurelia, in the locality of Capo Linaro (Santa Marinella). Work continued in the sectors investigated last season (Sectors D I, D III, D IV and D V). In sector D I, the excavation of Room 1 continued with the exploration of the stratigraphy below the floor surface of imperial date. Half of the room was excavated revealing two earlier beaten earth floors, probably of late Republican date. In sector D III, the excavation area was extended in the direction of the via Aurelia and to the south, exposing more of the basalt-paved “Piazzale” and continuing the investigation of the walls just visible above the ground surface nearby. The stratigraphy and the finds confirm that occupation continued until at least the 4th century A.D. In Sector D IV, the excavation of the Roman colony’s large defensive wall continued. The wall was identified in 2015 by a magnatometer survey. This season about 30 m more of the wall was exposed. It was 2.80/3.00 m wide and built in _opus_ _quadratum_ of stone chippings, and to date a length of c. 105 m has been excavated. The excavations have reached the south-eastern corner of the _castrum_ were the wall turns a right angle to the north. Two more tombs were excavated immediately outside the wall. Dating to the late antique period, one was of the ‘a cappuccina’ type (Tomb 5) and the other was a simple earth grave covered by two horizontally placed tiles (Tomb 4). The excavation of room 1, which abutted the inner side of the wall, continued and a geometric mosaic floor was uncovered. In rooms 2-4, also abutting the north side of the wall, a rectangular structure in _opus_ _reticulatum_ emerged that was situated within a much larger quadrangular room. The materials found in US 0 in Sector IV document occupation between the 3rd century B.C. and the 4th century A.D., with traces of prehistoric (Bronze Age?) and Etruscan occupation. In Sector D V, the investigation of the four separate rooms identified last year continued. With walls built of stone and clay, they were part of the same residential complex investigated in Sector D I, revealed by the survey. In this case, the stratigraphy also confirmed occupation between the 3rd century B.C. and the 4th century A.D. Part of an _opus__spicatum_ floor dating to the imperial period was still visible although cut by several modern robber trenches.

The 2018 investigations at the site of the Roman town of Castrum Novum lasted longer than in previous years thanks to the fact that the Západočeská Univerzita di Plzeň (Czech Republic) joined the project. The team from the Museum of the Sea and Ancient Navigation, holder of the concession, undertook two campaigns, the first two weeks with a group from Plzeň University and the second two weeks with a group from the Universities of Lille and Amiens. During the first campaign, the excavations were extended in some rooms in sector D IV, in particular rooms 2/4. Here a large cistern was uncovered built in fine _opus_ _mixtum_, of which in antiquity only the vault (not preserved) emerged above ground level. There were clear traces of at least two _praefurnia_ in the immediate vicinity of the cistern, suggesting the existence of a bath complex. During the September campaign, the gate to the Republican _castrum_ was finally found, at the point which should correspond with the centre of the short east side of the curtain wall. Here, a basalt-paved road crossed the wall in an easterly direction between two wings of structures built in squared sandstone blocks that can be interpreted as the remains of the gate and inner gate. A very well-preserved section of basalt paved road came to light on the same axis as the gate, at about 25 m west in a newly opened sector (D VII). The carriageway was 3.30 m wide and was flanked by perfectly- preserved kerb stones, also basalt. Further west, towards the geometric centre of the _castrum_, the remains of a wall that seemed to delimit a space opening onto the road, indeed it has the same basalt paving. What remained of the walls (c. 40 cm in height) were faced with red plaster, as was the bench that ran all around their interior. Behind this room, to the south, excavation continued in sector V and a new adjacent sector, VIII, was opened by the French team. This established the premise for deepening the investigations in a transverse sense, through the rooms abutting the walls from south to north, as far as the basalt road, whose alignment and dimensions suggest can be considered the decumanus even in the latest phases of the settlement. In sector D I, room 1 was excavated down to natural and room 2 down to the discovery, immediately below the earliest Roman floor, of an isolated sandstone block identical to those of the Republican walls (120 x 60 x 60 cm). The block was aligned perfectly north-south and was pierced by a square hole through the centre. In sector D III, the basalt-paved square in front of the south side of the _castrum_, the excavation was extended thus providing new point of reference for the topographical survey, now able to link all the sectors and provide an overall picture of the excavated remains.

This season’s excavations at the colony of _Castrum_ _Novum_ concentrated on sectors DI, DIV, DVII and DIX. The excavations were carried out by a team from the Museum of the Sea and Ancient Navigation in collaboration with Západočeská University (Czech Republic). In sector DI, the stratigraphic deposit was completely excavated in room 2. Of interest, a rectangular scaglia stone block with a central hole through it, situated in the NW part of the room. The wedging of the block (US 71) was excavated and constitutes the earliest occupation evidence in this sector and the entire excavation – confirmed by the underlying natural. In sector DIV, in the eastern part of the _castrum_, the area of the east gate, dating to the Republican period and part of the _decumanus_ were investigated. Only the first course of the dry-stone wall built of scaglia stone blocks was preserved. However, it was possible to reconstruct at least partially the gate that projected into the interior. The layers identified here, which overlay monumental structures, were formed by soil mixed with a substantial amount of modern elements (18th – 20th centuries). The extension of the excavation of the road towards the west linked sector DIV to DVII. Room 1 (identified in 2018) was excavated within the latter sector, but its use remains uncertain. An extension to the west linked this trench with sector DIX. Room 1 (2.90 x 8.00 m) was completely excavated. The walls were faced with reddish plaster. Of particular interest was the floor constituted by basoli covered by patches of limestone concretions, and the two rectangular stone blocks with rounded extremities, situated at the centre of the room. Sector DIX is of particular importance as it is situated close to the southern edge of the presumed forum. The northern part of what is thought to be a large public building, probably of Augustan date, was exposed. Two rooms were identified (AMB1, AMB2), delimited by walls made of stone and brick, which may belong to a public building (Augustan?) that is difficult to date. On the north side, adjacent to the forum, a colonnade came to light, of which only the bases were preserved. Thanks to the discovery of marble fragments (the middle toe of a foot and a hand with a ring), it is possible to suggest the presence of life-size marble statues. Lastly, a floor made up of irregular white stones interspersed with black ones was uncovered. The excavation of this sector identified the remains of public buildings probably dating to the Republican and imperial periods and in use until the early 5th century A.D.