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  • Fondo Torre
  • Giuggianello
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  • Italy
  • Apulia
  • Provincia di Lecce
  • Giuggianello

Credits

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Monuments

Periods

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Chronology

  • 350 BC - 250 BC
  • 1700 BC - 1500 BC

Season

    • Excavations were undertaken at Giuggianello in order to continue the 2006-2007 investigations, when parts of a large circular structure were uncovered that were interpreted as a Messapian watch-tower (4th-3rd century B.C.), situated between the settlements of Vaste and Muro Leccese. A curvilinear wall of stone blocks with a scarp face and standing to five courses was identified to a length of over 16 m. Three trenches were opened with the aim of defining its plan, function, and chronology. A. This was opened at the continuation of the structure already exposed. Below a thin surface layer (c. 15 cm) a single course of blocks with a curve line (US 31) was exposed. The blocks were trapezoidal and measured 1.20 x 0.65 (exterior) x 0.45 (interior); the width varied between 25 and 30 cm. The wall was carefully built, the blocks placed in a very closely fitted wedge formation with very fine joins. The upper face was oblique, the slope accentuated towards the interior. On the outside there was a destruction level (US 32) and on the inside a fill of medium sized stones bonded with reddish-brown soil (US 46), in phase with the blocks. A small trench opened outside the wall revealed two layers. The first contained several plain-ware pottery fragments of Hellenistic date and seems interpretable as an accumulation on which to place the blocks (US 40). Underneath was a layer containing fragments of Bronze Age impasto pottery (US 41). B. In the north area of this trench, another long section of the wall was uncovered. Here, a second course was preserved, although only partially. The blocks have a consistent module, apart from some smaller elements to the east. A destruction level was present outside the wall (US 43) corresponding with that found in trench A. It covered a thick layer of greenish compact clayey soil (US 33), which abutted the blocks. A fill of medium sized stones was present on the inside (US 46). C. This extended from trench B to the centre of the building. A fill of medium sized stones bonded with orange-brown soil was uncovered adjacent to the facing, in phase with the blocks. Proceeding towards the centre, below a layer of agricultural terrain (US 36), a fill was exposed that was made up of compact large irregular calcarenite stones and fragments from the stone blocks (US 39). The large masses, associated with loose soil, were removed: they lay directly a reddish-brown layer (US 42) containing Bronze Age impasto pottery and a flint blade. The excavations almost completely uncovered a ring of squared blocks forming a circular building 24.5 m in diameter. The walls were built of several concentric tapering courses. The module and typology of the blocks, together with the finds, suggest a date of between the 4th and 3rd century B.C. The facing built in _opus_ _isodomum_, together with a stone-filled cavity, functioned as cladding for a large base built of stones. This corresponded with a middle Bronze Age “specchia” (watch-tower). In the Hellenistic period, the earlier structure, still visible, was restructured and monumentalised and a timber tower was probably built at its centre, thus the entire structure could reach a height of at least 10 m.

FOLD&R

    • Giovanni Mastronuzzi . 2018. Una “torre” di età ellenistica presso Giuggianello - Puglia meridionale. FOLD&R Italy: 423.

Bibliography

    • P. Maggiulli, 1909, Specchi e trulli in Terra d’Otranto, Lecce.
    • G. Semeraro, 2006, “Strumenti per l’analisi dei paesaggi archeologici. Il caso della Messapia ellenistica”, in M. Osanna (a cura di), Verso la città Forme insediative in Lucania e nel mondo italico fra IV e III sec. a.C., Atti delle Giornate di Studio, Venosa, 13-14 maggio 2006: 289-306.