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Excavation

  • Coppa Nevigata
  • Manfredonia
  •  
  • Italy
  • Apulia
  • Provincia di Foggia
  • Manfredonia

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Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • A further section of the Sub-Apenninic wall, altered and reused in the Recent Apenninic period, was uncovered in sectors H2L, H2M, H2P, and H2Q, thus clarifying a situation that had only begun to appear during the 2011 excavations.

    In a late phase of the Recent Apenninic, a quadrangular turret, abutting the front of the wall, was built between H2L and H2M; a second turret was identified at a few metres further east. The first of the turrets was built in correspondence with an Appenine postern-gate, blocked during the same phase; the bread oven inside the wall, excavated in 2011, was presumably also built at this time. The postern-gate, built on the base of the reused Sub-Appenine walls, was inserted between two foreparts, the one to the west projecting further than the eastern one, that to the. The western turret, probably joined to the bastion situated east of the Appenine gate and seemed to present the same construction technique as the external containing wall, built of stones with a fill of earth mixed with crushed yellowish limestone.

    In synthesis, it may be that the restructuring of the interior face of the Sub-Appenine walls and the construction of the postern-gate took place at the beginning of the Recent Appenine period. The section of external wall also thickened the Appenine walls in the zone in which they had lost most of their width from the interior. The new gate was then framed between two projecting elements. The eastern one was the smaller, as seemed to be the case of the known Appenine postern-gate that was situated immediately east of the blocked Sub-Appenine gate and west of a forepart with a curved profile, later transformed into a quadrangular turret. This postern-gate also seemed to go out of use late in the Recent Appenine period, when a circular structure was built in correspondence with it, on the settlement side. Therefore, unlike what occurred in the Sub-Appenine period, in the Recent Appenine the postern-gates seemed to have been fewer in number but visible from the exterior.

    However, soon the Appenine gates were eliminated and, in correspondence with the gate exposed during the 2011 campaign, a bread oven was built in the interior. It is probably that when the first ditch was dug during the Recent Appenine, the foreparts, in the recently excavated area, went out of function, substituted by the turrets built on a higher level, parallel to the top of the postern-gate situated between them.

    Lastly, late in the recent Appenine period, a certain quantity of earth mixed with yellowish limestone accumulated up against the internal face of the walls used in the first phase, an accumulation on which the new interior face of the Appenine walls (in 20112 also found in H2Q) was constructed. The bread oven was also abandoned, damaged, and incorporated into the new wall face. This complex series of transformations within a period that must have been less than 150 years (from just beyond the mid 15th century to the end of the 14th century B.C.), indicates the frequency with which modifications were carried out, even major ones, in the fortification system in this period.

  • Alberto Cazzella - Università degli Studi di Roma, “La Sapienza”, Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche, Archeologiche e Antropologiche dell’Antichità, Sezione di Paletnologia 
  • Maurizio Moscoloni - Università di Roma “La Sapienza” 
  • Giulia Recchia - Università di Foggia 

Director

Team

  • Loredana Salvadei - Sezione di Antropologia del Museo Preistorico Etnografico “L. Pigorini” di Roma
  • Cristiana Ruggini - Sapienza Università di Roma
  • Cristina Lemorini - Sapienza. Università di Roma
  • Elisabetta Onnis - Sapienza Università di Roma
  • Emanuela Cristiani - Sapienza Università di Roma
  • Michela Danesi - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
  • Valentina Copat - Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
  • Claudia Minniti
  • Jacopo De Grossi Mazzorin - Università degli Studi di Lecce, Dipartimento Beni Culturali
  • Paolo Bellintani - Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici del Trentino
  • Sara T. Levi - Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
  • Massimo Caldara
  • Oronzo Simone - Università degli Studi di Bari
  • Cosimo d’Oronzo - Università di Lecce
  • Donatella Magri - Sapienza Università di Roma, Italiano di Paleontologia Umana
  • Girolamo Fiorentino - Università del Salento
  • Lucia Vagnetti - Istituto per gli Studi Egei e del Vicino Oriente del CNR
  • Marco Bettelli - Istituto per lo Studio delle Civiltà dell’Egeo e del Vicino Oriente - CNR-Roma
  • G. Calderoni - Sapienza Università di Roma
  • Lucio Calcagnile - Università del Salento

Research Body

  • "Sapienza" Università di Roma
  • Istituto per gli Studi Egei e del Vicino Oriente del CNR
  • Università degli Studi di Bari
  • Università degli Studi di Foggia
  • Università degli Studi di Modena
  • Università del Salento

Funding Body

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